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Pancreas transplantation

PancreastransplantationPancreastransplantation is nowadays the only curative treatment for complicated insulin-dependent diabetes to enable insulin independence and to improve diabetes complications as well as quality of life.Indication for Pancreas transplantationDiabetes mellitus Typ 1: Autoimmune disease in which pancreas stops producing the hormone insulin.Inadequate glucose control by medical management aloneHypoglycemic unawareness and „brittle diabetes”, where extremely high or low blood glucose levels are precipiated by minor dietary modifications.…

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Pancreastransplantation

Pancreastransplantation is nowadays the only curative treatment for complicated insulin-dependent diabetes to enable insulin independence and to improve diabetes complications as well as quality of life.

Indication for Pancreas transplantation

Diabetes mellitus Typ 1: Autoimmune disease in which pancreas stops producing the hormone insulin.

Inadequate glucose control by medical management alone

Hypoglycemic unawareness and „brittle diabetes”, where extremely high or low blood glucose levels are precipiated by minor dietary modifications.

Oft in Kombination mit einer Nierentransplantation durchgeführt, vor allem bei Patienten mit fortgeschrittener diabetischer Nephropathie, die die Nierentransplantation entweder beim gleichen Eingriff oder vorher oder nach der Pankreastransplantation bekommen.

Patienten nach NTx und Diabetes mellitus Typ 1

Contra-indications: 

Absolute:

systemic sepsis

malignancy and significant medical co‐morbidity

Relative:

Age (younger than 50)

Severe cardiovascular morbidity

Likehood of noncompliance to therapy

Insulin resistance

Abklärungen

Klinische Untersuchung

Lungen abhören, Ödeme

Diabetische Folgeerkrankungen

Retinopathie

Neuropathie

Polyneuropathie

Herzkreislauferkrankungen

Koronarangiographie

Nephrologisch-urologische Abklärungen

Labor: Krea (Ausgangspunkt)

Infektausschluss

Wichtig bei geplanter Immunsuppression

Immunologische Abklärungen und Gewebetypisierung

Blutgruppe

Psycho-soziale Situation

Compliance

Operation - Pancreas transplant

Intraperitoneal

anastomosis of the donor arterial conduit on to the recipient common iliac artery

donor portal vein onto the recipient inferior vena cava

exocrine secretions are drained into the small bowel

Complications 

Vascular complications

acute thrombosis and postoperative hemorrhage

Leaking of exocrine secretions

Acute Rejection

Chronisches Transplantversagen

Komplikation der langzeitimmunsuppressiva

Non-Compliace

Alternativen:

Transplantation von Inselzellen der Pankreas

Outcome and Challenges 

1 Jahr Überlebensrate 95%

3 Jahresüberlebensrate 85-94%

5‐year combined kidney‐pancreas graft survival exceeds 70%

islet cell transplantation

Implantation über die Pfortader in die Leber

7 consecutive patients who achieved insulin independence after islet transplantation

60 patients with 1 year insulin independence reported at 80%

1- and 10-year survival rate exceed 95% and 80%

References

1. M.Büchler et al.(2009) Intra‐abdominal transplantation: Principles for the general surgeon. In: General Surgery: Principles and International Practice, Springer, Berlin, Vol. 2 pp: 1947‐1960

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